Random shots! :D

"Self-shot" photo @ Kowloon Station with Daddy!
Went shopping with him last Saturday, searching for shirts with collar and pocket! Finally, after several hours, we found some POLO CLUB T-shirts that matched his description.


On a mini-bus in HK. A meter was installed to take note of the speed such as to prevent the driver from speeding.

Some signs that I found real interesting. You can imagine the amount of frustration that lead to the development of such beautifully written signs.


My favourite 3 dishes + 1 soup meal. HK20.Seldom do I eat so much @ night.

Went to Uncle Wong 's sch Open Day.
Some cute random shots of him. :D
It's like I am a Paparazzo. haha. He didn't know I was there.

@ the beginning.

During some prize presentation.

@ the opening ceremony of the 探索教室！

探索教室!!! Real cool! How I wish this was my room!!!!

@ Midnight 0000! Only time when everyone is back @ hostel! :D:D:D Nicely captured!

The link to the school:
http://www.plklfs.edu.hk/pages/intro/intro.asp


Seriously lack of time. I shouldn't be blogging.Weekend burnt- onfield for basketball competition. Next week is the deadline for one undone report plus 1 tests and 2 exams!!! How dead am I going to be? ahhh!

Ever wonder the use of our patella?

These are some concepts that has been lingering in my minds for quite some time. It was not until I picked up a book from the library that I finally realised the immerse stress that our knee is undergoing each day.I have summarised the facts as followed. Exam coming next Wednesday.


2 Biomechanical functions of the knee

1) Aids in knee extension by producing anterior displacement of the quadriceps tendon throughout the entire range of motion, thereby lengthening the lever arm of the quadriceps muscle force.
2) Allows a wider distribution of compressive stress on the femur by increasing the area of contact between the patella tendon and the femur.
The contribution of the patella to the length of the quadriceps muscle force lever arm varies from full flexion to full extension of the knee.
At full flexion:
Patella is in the intercondylar groove, it produces little displacement of the quadriceps tendon, and it contributes the least to the length of the quadriceps muscle force lever arm (10% of the total length).

As knee is extended (up to 45 degrees),
Patella rises from the intercondylar groove, producing significant displacement of the tendon. (lengthen the lever arm up to about 30%)

Knee extension beyond 45 degrees,
Length of the lever arm is diminished slightly. With this decrease in its lever arm, the quadriceps muscle force must increase for the torque about the knee to remain the same.

Studies show that the quadriceps force required to increase the knee the last 15 degree increased by approximately 60%.


If patella is removed from a knee,
The patellar tendon lies closer to the center of motion of the tibiofemoral joint than in an intact knee. Acting with a shorter lever arm, the quadriceps muscle must produce even more force than is normally required in order for a certain torque about the knee to be maintained during the last 45 degrees of extension. This increase in force may be beyond the capacity of some patients, particularly those who have intra-articular disease.


Quadriceps muscle lever (represented by broken line) in a normal knee from which the patella has been removed. The lever arm is the perpendicular distance between the force exerted by the quadriceps muscle through the patellar tendon and the instant centre of the tibiofemoral joint for the last 2 degress of extension.




Statics and Dynamics of the PATELLOFEMORAL JOINT

In general, the greater the muscle force, the greater the joint reaction force. In this joint, the quadriceps muscle force increases with knee flexion.

During relaxed upright standing,
Minimal quadriceps muscle force are required to counterbalance the small flexion moments about the patellofemoral joint because the centre of gravity of the body above the knee is almost directly above the centre of rotation of this joint.

During knee flexion,
The centre of gravity shifts farther away from the centre of rotation, thereby greatly increasing the flexion moments to be counterbalanced by the quads muscle force. As the quads muscle force rises, so does the patellofemoral joint reaction force.

Level walking requires little knee flexion, the reaction force was low. The peak value, in the middle of stance phase when flexion is the greatest, was one half the body weight.

During stairs climbing and descent, at the point when knee flexion reached a maximum of about 60 degrees, the peak value for joint reaction force equaled 3.3 times the body weight.

When knee is extended, the lower part of patella rests against the femur. As the knee is flexed to 90 degrees, the contact surface between the two surface between the patella and femur shifts cranially and its size increases. This increase in contact surface with knee flexion to some extent compensated for the large patellofemoral joint.

For a tendon rupture of weight lifer lifting a barbell of 175g:
The torque on the knee joint was 550 Nm and the quads muscle force was 10,300N at the instant of tendon rupture when knee was flexed to 90 degrees!!!

Therefore, patients with patellofemoral joint derangements experience increased pain when performing activities that requires large amount of knee flexion.


Q: Quadriceps tendon
P:Patella tendon
J:Patellofemoral joint

Throughout the knee bend the patellofemoral joint reaction force remained higher than the quadriceps.


Some other facts:
During the different phases of walking:
1) Heel Strike :
*Hip Abductors, Extensors : 4x Bodyweight
2)Push off:
*Hip Adductors, Flexors : 7x Bodyweight

Most stable position for the hip:
Abduction,lateral rotation,extension
(frog leg position)


The two main moments acting around the centre of motion of the tibiofemoral jt (solid dot) are designated on the free body diagram of the lower leg during stair climbing. Since the lower leg is in equilibrium, the extending moment produced by the patellar tendon force P times its lever arm (b) counterbalances the flexing moment prodcued by the ground reaction force W times its lever arm (a). The weight of the lower limb is disregarded.


Joint reaction force in terms of body weight transmitted through the tibial plateau during walking, one gait cycle (12 subjects). The muscle forces producing the peak magnitudes of this force are designated.



With thanks to Margareta Nordin - Basic Biomechanics of the Musculoskeletal system.

5566 New MTV!!!

:D:D:D:D:D:D:D
This song is ideal for dancing and doing gym!

终极陷阱yes sir

(合)i'll beat you down
猎狩终极目标没有人能够阻挡
陷阱就在我前方我拼了命的跑
呼吸害怕心跳不管你ready or not
未来绝不能摆汤
i said i'll beat you down …

(孟哲)你以为我会怕就算是谁也不怕
哪怕抽丝剥茧我也要找出最后真相
不管你黑道白道
内幕多黱大条多黱复杂多黱紧张多黱让人吓一大跳
到底是谁大小眼老是把我看扁
不要挡在我的面前老是碍手碍脚又碍眼
别人打我右脸左脸也要给他打的废话
请你留著回去对你老爸老妈讲

(仁甫)我不是都不懂
我知道你为了自己就会踩著别人头
以为我看不透你们到底暗中在搞什黱
(绍伟)(欲望金钱权力请你不要打扰我)

(仁甫)诱惑荣华富贵请你全部摆一边
为了正义公理我们努力全部站中间a-ha
前面路危险 no way 证据一瞬间湮灭
相信我的直觉胜过这一切

(绍伟)u gotta watch your head!
yes sir!
(绍伟)watch your hand!
yes sir!
(绍伟)watch your step!
yes sir!
(绍伟)不要怀疑!!稍息后所有人统统注意这是紧急命令
头条任务立刻执行 right now…

(合)i'll beat you down
猎狩终极目标没有人能够阻挡
陷阱就在我前方我拼了命的跑
呼吸害怕心跳不管你ready or not 未来绝不能摆汤
i said i'll beat chu down …

(孟哲)想太多只能说你想太多
在你还没出生我就已经流落街头
不要再废话说那x话说我长不大
我受够受够我们面脸上只有ok绷

为宿命就算赔性命在所不惜
你为正义背叛没关系
就算老狐狸也一样会留痕迹
凡是走过就会留下所有只字片语

(绍伟)到底尊严躲在什黱地方
(协志)什黱地方
(绍伟)残留下来的回忆还能怎样
(协志)还能怎样
(绍伟)眼前的世界有太多死巷
(协志)太多死巷
(绍伟)感觉下一秒不珍惜就被遗忘
(协志)就被遗忘
(绍协)我们寻寻觅觅不愿放弃
尽了全力也不愿意屈服在这样的恶势力
但是我永远都记得刻在我的心你们曾说过的那一句

(合)i'll beat you down
猎狩终极目标没有人能够阻挡
陷阱就在我前方我拼了命的跑
呼吸害怕心跳不管你ready or not
未来绝不能摆汤
i said i'll beat chu down …

yes sir!.............


Update for today:

Finished studying the chapter for cardiovascular system, clear all my messed up concept! Yet, I am still half way through with the sickening report.STARS training room was quiet until our basketball player, Vincent, came crashing in, requesting for sweets and started his random chats. :D Did my first taping on him --a real person-in-need. Thanks Vincent for being my guinea pig. :D

0830pm today is my favourite time of the week. JaaaaaaaZZZZeeeeee Dance!!!! Feel the move, the power!!!!
Ended at around 10sth before I started chatting with Mummy over Skype.

Normal and Enjoyable Day. :D

孙协志！！！！

I finally found Xie Zhi's two new drama series. Soooo Happy.Sooo long since I watched him on TV.

台版《魔剑生死棋》1A



愛情兩好三壞 Trailer

愛情兩好三壞 ep1-A


P.s. But the fact that I lost my PRS today really dampened my mood. It costs HK 500 ah! Hope I will find it!

An incomplete post... ...

I believe that quotes are very powerful words that had really affected my life one way of another. It keeps you moving when you are down. It keeps you moving again when you are losing momemtum. It keeps your life going. It makes you realise how lucky and blessed you are in this messed-up world. Words that come from people you love and trust are even more powerful; but in drastic moment when no one is here to offer a helping hand - a motivational quote really does help! Here are some quotes to keep us prepared for the incoming exams, clinicals or difficulties in life. They are my personal favourites. Overcome all difficulties we face! Life is beautiful.

The difference between the impossible and the possible lies in a person's determination.
Tommy Lasorda

There is no chance, no destiny, no fate, that can hinder or control the firm resolve of a determined soul.
Ella Wheeler Wilcox

A man can be as great as he wants to be. If you believe in yourself and have the courage, the determination, the dedication, the competitive drive and if you are willing to sacrifice the little things in life and pay the price for the things that are worthwhile, it can be done.
Vince Lombardi

Within each of us is a hidden store of determination. Determination to keep us in the race when all seems lost.
Roger Dawson

Those who don't understand determination call determination stubbornness or too driven. To be determined is to see it through!
Catherine Pulsifer

Great things are not done by impulse, but by a series of small things brought together.
Vincent Van Gogh

Throughout the centuries there were men who took first steps down new roads armed with nothing but their own vision.
Ayn Rand

You don't have to be a fantastic hero to do certain things - to compete. You can be just an ordinary chap, sufficiently motivated to reach challenging goals.
Edmund Hillary

Our goals can only be reached through a vehicle of a plan, in which we must fervently believe, and upon which we must vigorously act. There is no other route to success.
Stephen A. Brennan

When we are motivated by goals that have deep meaning, by dreams that need completion, by pure love that needs expressing, then we truly live life.
Greg Anderson

Our plans miscarry because they have no aim. When a man does not know what harbor he is making for, no wind is the right wind.
Seneca

If you have a goal in life that takes a lot of energy, that requires a lot of work, that incurs a great deal of interest and that is a challenge to you, you will always look forward to waking up to see what the new day brings.
Susan Polis Schultz

Nothing is a waste of time if you use the experience wisely.
Auguste Rodin

Giving of yourself, learning to be tolerant, giving recognition and approval to others, remaining flexible enough to mature and learn - yields happiness, harmony, contentment and productivity. These are the qualities of a rich life, the bounteous harvest of getting along with people.
Jack C Yewell



Sunday 17th Nov 2007

I actually went for my first election in my whole life! The Hong Kong Distrinct Election! Wow! I am finally free to vote! Is that a sign of maturation? :) Being politically apathetic, I voted for someone without much knowledge of who he was. At least, I know his name is 林浩杨 and that he does not participate in activities that involved with mainland China！Anyway, my Aunt said that he was better than the other although both was not her ideal choice. Oh Well.


Before that, I paid a visit to my Aunt's place and had a homey dinner.Suptumous meal.:) The one wrapped in a lotus leaf was one of dishes invented by Aunt Bonnie.I must really give credits to all the dishes she created. All of them tasted delicious including some beef I ate today. Fishes,pork,prawn,eggs... ... Bravo! :P I am lack of adjectives for food. I will definitely need to check out my dictionary some days. :P


I also managed to get a shot of my 2 years old cousin, Malvis, sleeping that day. He got into some temper after waking up, wanting Mummy to hug him. Sometimes, I wonder whether one should accustom to the need of a child. It's a real controversial issue in today's world. Babies in the modern world are scare and precious. Do we listen to the professionals? Or do we listen to old and experienced? Hmm.

Monday 18th Nov 2007
Dragged myself to school and survived through a two hours before returning to the hostel around 1pm. After that, I read up my notes on the cardiovascular system and took a nap before heading for Yo Park for K BOX and Buffet. It was something we planned 3 weeks ago after our mid-term.The great day had finally arrived. :D

They actually gave us a 8 people room for the 4 of us! Look at the size of the TV; it makes K BOX back home(SG) seems so inferior.

An incomplete picture with the 4 mad girls. The other complete pictures are with them!!!

Food and more food. Plus free flow of drinks - punch,coffee,soup,tea ++++ Only HK88 in total for each person.

A video. :D

Doraemon song I sang. :p

Tuesday 19th Nov 2007
Went to Uncle's school open day. Photos to be uploaded... ...

Wednesday
Yoga.Rotting.Reflecting.

Thursday
Tai Chi and Karata Class.Mugging.

Friday
Today.Daddy coming to HK.

Juz Us.

HKPU PHYSIOTHERAPIST STUDENTS YEAR 1. 2007.
JIA YOU lo! Trash the in-coming EXAMS. :D We rox!

:P

My Clinical Uniform. (looking stupiid in it :P)


A shot taken when I was studying Generic Anatomy - a subject taken by all nursing and rehabilitation science students. Previously, this subject was not taken by Physiotherpy students, our department decided to try it out on our batch to find out its usefullness. It basically is a simplified version of Human Anatomy which requires us to finish the whole Anatomy including all the systems in our body in One Semester.Well,it is basically ignored by us PTs because we are going to study all the things in great details in Functional Anatomy.

As I have mentioned before, a full set of bones are assigned to us and the picture above shows the skull bone.It really does facilitate my learning!

Saturday,November 12, 2007
Korean Class.
Went to Tai Koo to meet up Daddy's Third Aunt.

Aquarium below her house! Here is some Nemo Fishes.

Sunday, November 11, 2007
Physiotherpay Class Action Project

This is a community-based project that allows me to observe older adults. I'll need to obersve how these individuals function in a given environment. The functional status of an individual can be affected by different physical or psychosocial factors. The 4 general components to an individual's funcational status includes
1) Physical Factors - activities if daily living, walking, climbing stairs
2) Mental Function - intelligence, conginitive abilities, memory
3) Emotional Function - motivation, ability to adapt, coping with life such as stress, anxiety, satisfaction
4) Social Function - interactions with family and community and any economic consideration

I personally find this very meaningful, it allows me to see things that I never could have take notice of. For instance, we can know the cognitive status of a person by looking at the calenders on the wall, the clock etc. This is also my first time trying to understand so deeply about human facial expression and the way they act and talk.


0900- Gathering area @ Aberdeen.


Gals I see almost everyday without fail.:)


The Goodies Bags given by the Association for the elderly we are going to visit. It contains the ancient kind of calender with the big numbers on it.


Before that, we were briefed on the procedures for the home visit, the things we should record and convert and the exercies that we should teach them. Here is a video of KEN KEN and HAY HAY demonstrating on the things we should say when we approach the elderly.

1100am - Travel to Lee Tung Estate


The POPO in the front is the first elderly that I met! (Details held confidential, to be revealed later)
Notice the walls between us, that's the width of the house.

I went to two other homes after lunch.
I really felt pity for one paticular POPO. It seems that she has been cursed by all tragedies in the world. At the time when I was talking to her, she cried for several time. It saddened me for quite some time but at the time, it made me realised how blessed I am and recognised the need of being filial.

Her tragic life started when she lost her husband after 6 years of marriage.When she was around 30 years old, her vision started to get blur and she couldn't see at night. It was until around 50 years old that she began totally blind. Due to the lack of education and training, she was not able to work and go outdoor from then onwards. She was not taught to ambulate as a blind individual and hence has been locked in the house for this 30 over years (currrently 82). The only place that she visits very often is the hospital as she has problems all over her body.The following is her medical conditions:

1) Surgical removal of the uterus and the ovary done
2) Ulcers in stomach causing her great discomfort in taking antibiotics
3) Stroke on the right side of the body
4) Arthritis of joints throughout the body. Joints swollen, causing chronic pain.
5) In the recent month, skin infection on the skin. Conditions worsen as wound deepens and increase in surface area.

Just this month, there is a nurse that visits her everyday to bring her to the clinic to change her wound. This is the time where she can buy a packet of food that could last for her 2 meals ahead. Ironically, she is staying with her son and family; however, they are not providing them with the daily needs or even a meal. In addition, the government is also threatening to cut her monthly sum given to her due to the fact that she is staying with her family. One really cannot imagine the consequences.

We had a sharing session after that.

Thursday,November 13, 2007
Commerce of my Jazz Dance! Feeling sexy? Feel my power? Two words - simply cool.

Wednesday,November 14, 2007

One of our Biomechanics Tutorial. Freddei on a ECG - Testing on muscle activity on both side of the limbs with different movement initiated.

Commence of Yogalates @ 0700pm. A form of relaxation. Over--stretched my muscles though.

Thursday,November 15, 2007
Kowloon Hospital - Buddy attachment.

Hydrotherapy pool of KH.

CPR on Adults.

CPR on Babies.
My 2.5 months of First Aid lessons had finally ended this week! :) Can't wait to finish the exam coming next next week.
It was also the finale for my social dance. Ended up dancing Waltz will 0945pm.

Friday - today.
Anatomy Lab- completed the whole body at last, leaving with the cervical region.
PPTP- Finished ROM n MMT of upper limb.
STARS till 1030pm.


Some weeks back, my room mate and I actually cooked! :) A picture to remember the fun and joy.

I am staying cool.

I have a lot of hesitation recently when it comes to planning of activities that involve human interaction. I find comfort locking myself in the hostel, reading my notes and shutting myself from all form of communication with the outside world (except from MSN). Am I suffering from some of kind of mental illness or what? Maybe, the things that I need to study are piling up and there is way too little time for me to clear it. Dreaming and surfing the Internet are things that causing me to lose concentration. My weekends this week are already burnt! There is outdoor classroom on Sunday for the whole day and on Saturday; there is Korean class and an obligation to visit my Third Aunt’s place. The mere thinking of it simply makes me sick. Weekends are supposedly for us to procrastinate, sit down, sleep and rot through it. Isn’t it? Maybe, I am not at the right age in doing so. Every minute of me is so precious that it should not be wasted. Everything done should come with a reason and it should be constructive. In just one lecture, there can be over 50 bombarding words thrown into your face, wanting you to not just recognize them but to remember them. “You pay this amount of money, you get what you deserve to get!” This is Dr. William’s favourite quote. Well, I am really speechless on that. Basically, the lecturer tells you truly that one slide should require 45 minutes of your studying time, and there are a total of 50 over slides! That’s university. The good thing is; it allows you ample of time to sleep till 10am for some days of the week. :P

Yesterday morning, Dora, our lecturer returned us our marking sheet for our first PPTP (Principle of physiotherapy practical)’s practical. I obtained an A for both parts of the exam. The first part was on the measurement of the range for ankle inversion, I was so careful in the set up that the whole process actually took 7.04s and due to the fact the I didn’t do a Passive Range of Motion on the uninvolved side of the leg (in practical, people seldom do it too, but it’s exam), my distinction flew away. The other part was exercise prescription, I was lucky and got a really simple question, it required me to increase the strength of knee extensors during free active exercises! Yet, I touched the left leg and said it was the right by a slip of my mouth; distinction flew away again! The surprising thing was that I actually didn’t recognize the trick movement of the patient incorrectly; you really do not have to follow the book on it! I am really prepared to dump my Clarkson book away. :P

Skipped the useless Physiology lecture in the afternoon and went home for self- study. After I was about to settled down, I found ants crawling from my room mate’s table towards the window frame and hence spent quite some time cleaning and wiping up everything again. Hope those tiny creatures don’t appear again! I will squash them to death. Irritating creatures trying to conquer my room; I am always here to defend and fight till the end. :P

Yesterday was also the day I finally got my Clinical Uniform ready! It’s a simple shirt plus a skirt. I thought it looks okay compared to the pants I need to wear during the days as a physiotherapist assistant. At least, I don’t look like a cleaner. 


Here is a picture we(Karen, me, Grace) took on the way to Aberdeen’s centre for an outdoor classroom activity.
There we were each assigned to one elderly and we were told to interview his or her health status physically and psychologically using the Vitality Plus Scale and later,test their balance using the Berg’s Balance Test. The following is some general information about the 81 years old POPO I interact with.

Handgrip: 10.0kg
Elbow flex-ext x10 times: 16.87s
Sit to Stand x 5 times: 11.00s
Resting Pulse: 58beats/min
Pulse after exercise: 68 beats/min

We also did lots of theraband exercises and some mini dances, with oldies song in the background. Happy day. (last Friday)



Physio gal students plus our lecturer, DORA on the extreme right. :D

Can't wait for Waltz on Thursday and Yogalates and Jazz starting next week. Dancing seriously makes me happy, it's really worth spending time on it.


The Basketball team I am supporting every Friday till 10pm!

<
One of my random meals in HK. How can I not gain weight?

Although many stuffs might come crashing into my face, I believe I am still in control to sort it out. Stay cool. I am cool.
A+ for finals. Hope so.
There are people that can get 100 marks for genetic exam in John Hopkins University and my brother can get 96; so what's the big deal getting 90 and above. Trash exams and strive! :P

Song of the week

It's really touching although it's not really possible.
It makes me think of the possible people that I could have loved so dearly. Have I found one? Could I have one?

Entering November

For a moment,I am feeling liberated from my mid-term tests although final exams are just one month away. Just came back from my practical, feeling great for a moment or two until I found out that I answered a bonus question wrongly. That means that the chance of pulling up my previous test had reduced. I hate it when minor things in life actually had the power to affect your whole emotion. Maybe, I was setting quite a high expectation; I was actually aiming for a GPA of 3.9 or above. Other subjects are doing well; I just need to continue to keep up with the good work. Here, I need to congratulate my brother on '爆四'ing (Scoring a maximum GPA of 4.0). I finally realized the difficulties in doing so. It's so pressurizing.

November is a month for me to upgrade my brain CPU.
Finishing the whole of Anatomy and the different systems in our body. Memorizing plus more memorizing. Finals will be all application questions. That's mean I would need to start linking stuffs from Physiology, Biomechanics and Anatomy.

Plus 2 lab reports and 1 outfield report.

Jia you!

I got to go to open lab later at night. Long since I went there for self study, all those exams are causing me to pile up lots of works.

November- no tests and exams- an enjoyable time for studying. Mad studying.

Joining Yogalates(a combination of Yoga and Pilates) too! :)

Over with Traditional Chinese Medicine, moving on to the development of science and technology. :)

Learnt Waltz for the first time today! It makes you float around like a ghost. Love it. haha.